As the first Indian astronaut to dock at the International Space Station (ISS), Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla completed seven fully Indian‑designed experiments as part of the Axiom‑4 mission. This achievement marks a critical milestone in India’s journey toward its Gaganyaan crewed programme.

🚀 Mission Highlights

  • Mission Duration & Context
    Shukla spent 18 days aboard the ISS (June 26–July 15, 2025), taking part in over 60 experiments from 31 nations; India contributed seven major ones via ISRO and collaborating institutions.

🔬 Seven Indian‑Designed Experiments

  1. Space Microalgae (ICGEB & NIPGR): Deployed and stowed algae strains to study growth in microgravity—potential sources of food, oxygen, and biofuel.

  2. Sprouts Project (UAS Dharwad & IIT Dharwad): Germination and early growth of salad seeds (like mung and methi) in space; seeds will be grown for multiple generations on Earth to analyze genetic, microbial, and nutritional changes.

  3. Voyager Tardigrade (IISc Bengaluru): Studied survival, revival, reproduction and transcriptomics of extreme-living tardigrades in microgravity.

  4. Myogenesis (InStem): Investigated muscle regeneration and supplement effects against skeletal muscle atrophy—relevant to both astronauts and Earth‑based muscle degeneration treatments.

  5. Voyager Displays / Cognitive Task Study (IISc Bengaluru): Tested human interaction with electronic displays and cognitive tasks like spatial memory, stress, and well‑being in orbit.

  6. Cyanobacteria in Microgravity (ICGEB): Analyzed growth and proteomic response of cyanobacteria under space conditions on different nutrient modes.

  7. Food Crop Seeds in Microgravity (IIST & Kerala Agricultural University): Evaluated growth and yield parameters of food crop seeds in microgravity.

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